Whiskey Kōtimana: He Haerenga Rau Tau te Roa mai i te Hanga Pia Tuku Iho ki te Whanuitanga Ao

Te Takenga Mai me ngā Pūnga Hītori Hiranga

Ko te wīski Kōtimana, e whakarapopototia ana ko te Kōtimana, e whakaatu ana i tōna mana whakamiharo. Ka hangaia tēnei inu kounga teitei me te mahi toi tino pai i tukuna iho i tētahi whakatipuranga ki tētahi whakatipuranga i tēnei whenua tawhito o Kōtirana, ka hangaia he reka ahurei, he reka hoki. Ko tōna taonga tuku iho hohonu ka taea te whai i muri i te Ming Dynasty i Haina neke atu i te 500 tau ki muri. I roto i ngā wā, kua noho te wīski Kōtimana hei taonga rongonui i waenga i ngā kaiwhakamātautau waina me ngā kaiwhaiwhai o te ao katoa.

Neke atu i te 500 tau te roa o te hītori o te wīski Kōtimana, he roa tōna hītori, he ataahua ahurei hoki, e tino pārekareka ana ki te ao.

Te Pūtake o ngā Inu Waipiro

Ko te pia mārō, hei tētahi o ngā inu waipiro tawhito rawa atu i roto i te hītori o te tangata, i te tīmatanga he inu reka, he iti te waipiro, he mea whakapūkara. Heoi, kia noho hei wīkī rongonui o te ao i ēnei rā, me haere tonu i roto i tētahi wā hurihanga nui - te "whakatōtō". I te rautau 12 AD, i whakaurua te hangarau whakatōtō ki Ūropi mā roto i ngā ringa o ngā Arapi mai i Haina tawhiti. I mua atu i tēnei, ko te waipiro nui te nuinga i whakamahia i roto i te mara hauora, i tohatohahia e ngā whare mōneka, ā, i whakanuia ko te "wai o te ora". I tere te aro nui o te marea me te hāhi ki tēnei wai makutu.

Ko te kīngi te kaiārahi o te ia o te whiskey

Ko te hītori o te wīski Kōtirana ka taea te whai i ngā tohu mai i te tau 1494, i te wā i tino aroha ai a Kingi Hemi te Tuawhā o Kōtirana ki te wīski, ā, i whai wāhi atu hoki ia ki te mahi hanga wīski. I te moutere o Aire, i tonoa tētahi mōneka Katorika ko John Corr te ingoa e te kingi ki te hoko i te more hei rauemi mata, hei hanga hoki i te wīski e mōhiotia nei ko te "wai o te ora", e rite ana ki te 1500 pounamu i ēnei rā. Mai i taua wā, kua riro te wīski hei inu rangatira, ā, e kitea ana tōna mana.

Ko te kēmu mana i waenganui i a Kingi Su rāua ko Kingi Ying

I muri i te matenga o James IV, ka taka a Kōtirana ki raro i te mana o te kingi o Peretānia i te tau 1513. I whakakorea e Henry VIII ngā whare mōneka o Kōtirana, ā, i akiakihia ngā mōneka kia wehe i ō rātou kāinga. Whai muri i te kopikopiko i roto i te iwi, ko ngā tikanga whakatō wai anake i taea e ēnei mōneka te whakawhirinaki ki te mahi oranga mā te hanga wīski i ngā whenua tūmataiti me ngā pāmu. Heoi, nā te aroha o te marea ki te wīski i akiakihia e te Paremata o Kōtirana, i whakatau kia whakamanahia. Heoi, ki ngā kanohi o te whānau kingi o Peretānia, he ture kore tonu te wīski o Kōtirana. Hei whiwhi i tētahi wāhanga o te mākete wīski engari kāore i pai ki te whakamana i tōna hanga, i whakamahia e te whānau kingi o Peretānia tētahi rautaki tinihanga i te tīmatanga o te rautau 18 - te whakatakoto takoha nui ki runga i te molt. Nā tēnei mahi i kaha ake ai te whanaungatanga uaua i waenganui i a Kōtirana me Ingarangi.

Te whānui haere o te ao e hopu ana i ngā whai wāhitanga o mua

I te rautau 19, i te tihi o te whai rawa o Peretānia i tōna motu. Nā tēnei whai wāhitanga, kua panaia e ngā kamupene waipiro nunui pērā i a Tommy Dewar, Johnnie Walker, James Chivas, me ētahi atu te wīski Kōtimana ki te mākete o te ao - mai i Hong Kong pukumahi ki Hanoi tawhito, mai i Poihākena pukumahi ki San Francisco pukumahi, mai i Montreal pukumahi ki Mumbai pukumahi, tae noa ki ngā Moutere tawhiti o Cape Town me Cape Verde. Kua tīmata te haerenga o te wīski Kōtimana ki te ao, e riro ana te aroha pumau o ngā kaihoko o te ao, ā, e whakatakoto ana i te turanga pakari mō te angitu o ēnei rā.

Te auahatanga hangarau i muri i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao

I te tau 1938, ko te Hononga o Amerika te mākete kaweake matua mō te wīski Kōtimana. I muri i te mutunga o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, i tapaina te wīski ko te "inu o te ao herekore," nā te whakatairanga whānui i Hollywood me te toro atu o ngā Hoa Whenua ki Ūropi, ka tipu haere tōna rongonui i ia rā, i ia rā. I te tau 1970, kua rua te nui o te hanga wīski mōro i whakaritea ki te tau 1960. Nā te pikinga o te hanga, kua whakahoutia hoki ngā whare hanga wīski. Kua whakakapia haeretia ngā whare hanga wīski e te tāke whakapūkara haurua-aunoa, ā, kua toru ake te pai o te mahi nā te mahi pai me te horoi. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā whare hanga wīski kua whakauru i ngā whakamahana ahi tika, ā, kua huri haere ki ngā tikanga whakamahana mamaoa.

Te pikinga ake o te molt kotahi

I ngā tau 1960, i whakaatu te whare hanga waina o Glenfiddich i te māramatanga mākete matatau, ā, i whakatau ki te wehe atu i ngā tikanga tuku iho mā te whakatairanga i ā rātou waina i roto i te ahua o te "single malt". Ahakoa i te wā i kaha ai te mākete i te wā o te wīkī whakaranu, nā tēnei nekehanga auaha i whakatakoto te ara mō te pikinga ake o te wīkī single malt. I hokona e Glenfiddich ngā pouaka 11422 o te wīkī single malt, ā, i te tau 1970, kua neke atu i te 50,000 ngā pouaka i hokona e rātou i ia tau, ko te kotahi-tuatoru o te wāhanga mākete kaweake o Sunway, ā, koia te hinonga matua i roto i te wīkī single malt.

Te mākete Hainamana e tupu nui ana

I roto i ngā tau 20 kua pahure ake nei, kua tere te tipu o te aroha o Haina ki te wīski Kōtirana, ā, e matapaetia ana ka haere tonu tēnei ia. Ahakoa ko Baijiu te rangatira o te mākete waipiro Haina, kei te tahuri ngā kaihoko taitamariki me ngā kaihoko kaha pūtea ki a Solvay. Kei te hiahia ngā kaihoko Haina ki te taonga tuku iho hohonu o Suwei me te mahi toi tuku iho. He maha ngā kaiwhaiwhai wīski e pai ana ki te utu neke atu i te £150 mō ia pounamu, ā, neke atu i te 90% o rātou e whakapono ana ko te malt kotahi te waipiro kounga pai rawa atu i te mākete. E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te Tari Tikanga Haina i te tau 2021, i piki ake te nui o te kawemai o te wīski ā-rohe mā te 43.9% i ia tau, tae atu ki te 30.28 miriona rita, ā, i piki ake te uara kawemai mā te 92%, tae atu ki te 460 miriona tāra US.